Drinking problems and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are common in the United States and internationally. Alcohol use can range from drinking socially to drinking heavily, with varying levels of harm. For some people, alcohol use can become a chronic health problem that interferes with many aspects of life. Some people also have alcohol use disorders, which are characterized by an impaired ability to stop drinking once the person has started and is physically dependent on alcohol. It is important to know that alcohol use disorders are real medical illnesses, not choices. Drinking problems are usually first diagnosed by the person who is drinking. It is important for family members, friends, or healthcare providers to offer their support and guidance to the person struggling with their drinking.

Step-by-step reasoning:

1. Ask about the individual's alcohol use patterns: Are they drinking more than they used to? Are they drinking heavily at certain times, such as after work or on weekends? Is it causing them to miss work or other important events? Are they experiencing negative consequences, such as blackouts, falling down, or arguments with others?

2. Check for withdrawal symptoms: If the person has been drinking heavily, ask about withdrawal symptoms they have experienced in the past, such as shaking, sweating, nausea, or anxiety. These can be a sign of alcohol dependence.

3. Look for signs of alcohol use disorders: Have they ever had an alcohol-related blackouts? Has their drinking interfered with their ability to work, go to school, or maintain relationships? Are they experiencing mood swings, anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues?

4. Assess the severity of the problem: Consider the individual's drinking patterns, the consequences they are experiencing, and the impact on their life and relationships. The severity of the drinking problem may range from occasional heavy drinking to severe alcohol use disorder.

5. Offer support and guidance: Encourage the individual to seek professional help and treatment. Suggest they talk to a healthcare provider, such as a primary care doctor or mental health professional, or visit a substance abuse treatment center.