Protection and strengthening of public health of the population is the priority direction of social policy in the field of health care.

Public health is the health of the population caused by combined effect of biological and social factors of the environment at the defining value of a social and political and economic system and the living conditions of society (work, life, the nature of food, rest, education level and cultures, health care) depending on it.

Chronic noninfectious diseases – the leading reason of temporary disability, disability and mortality of the population also make the expressed negative impact on country economic and social situation. One of major factors of their development are preventable and connected with an unhealthy way of life (tobacco smoking, irrational food, insufficient physical activity, harmful alcohol intake) and also the negative impact of the habitat, life and activity (pollution of atmospheric air, water and soil, disturbance of specifications, sanitary standards and rules of housing construction, town planning, production and realization of food stuffs and consumer goods, unsafe working conditions, high level of poverty and inequality of incomes of the population, social trouble).

Increase in number of citizens, first of all working-age, committed to a healthy lifestyle, creation for this purpose of necessary conditions, decrease in the factors of the habitat having negative effect on health and also correction of behavioural risk factors and decrease in prevalence of obesity, arterial hypertension, disturbances of fatty and carbohydrate metabolism lead to significant decrease in individual and population risk of development of chronic noninfectious diseases and, as a result, to decline in mortality of the population. A contribution to it of the preventive actions directed to reduction of prevalence of risk factors – not less than 50% of success.