Heartbeat not always demonstrates existence of pathologies of heart. Heart rate depends on age, body weight, drug intake, on ambient temperature.
Heartbeat characterizes rhythmical reduction of a cardiac muscle (systole) and relaxation in an interval between blows (diastole). Being alternately reduced and relaxing, heart pumps blood on the blood circulatory system to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all internals and fabrics of our organism.
Each reduction of heart is started by the electric impulses of the carrying-out system of excitement arising in sinus node. Sinus node represents a congestion of special cells of a cardiac muscle in a wall of the right auricle, in the place of confluence of the top vena cava and works automatically. From here impulses are transferred to heart ventricles.
Heart rate depends on age, body weight, drug intake, on ambient temperature. Heartbeat not always demonstrates existence of pathologies of heart. Sometimes the patient does not even notice that his warm rhythm is speeded up or is on the contrary lowered. In such cases of disturbance come to light accidentally: at measurement of pulse, on the procedure of removal of the electrocardiogram or on reception at the specialist who is not belonging to problems of warmly vascular diseases.
It is possible to listen to heartbeat by means of a stethoscope, a pulsoksimetr. The electrocardiogram (ECG) registers electric impulses of heart. It is possible to undergo inspection at the cardiologist.
Normal rate of warm reductions in rest for the adult is from 60 to 90 beats per minute, and for the newborn — about 120 beats per minute. At a stress and an exercise stress heart rate increases to 160-180 beats per minute.
Because of what there can be a heartbeat attack?
Decrease or strengthening of heartbeat can appear in some cases:
1. stress;
2. overstrain;
3. exhaustion;
4. dehydration;
5. sports;
6. use of nicotine and caffeine;
7. medicines (remedies for arterial blood pressure, beta-blockers, reduce the frequency of a warm rhythm).
To reduce heart rate, it is enough to sit down, slowly deeply to inhale and drink waters.
Smoking of cigarettes also influences increase in ChSS, because of impact of nicotine on blood vessels. The refusal of smoking will help to reduce the frequency of a warm rhythm to a normality.
How cardiac performance is carried out?
The electric impulses arising in sinus node are carried out to atrioventricular knot (AV to knot) through the system of carrying out excitement. AV knot is the center of automatism of the second order of a heart rhythm, is located in a wall of the right auricle, on border with a right ventricle. From AV-knot impulses on a ventriculonector, ventricular branches and Purkinye fibers are transferred to a warm muscular layer of the camera of heart (a ventricular myocardium) where then are transferred from a cell to a cell to a myocardium. Process of momentum transfer to the heart from sinus node before excitement of all fibers of a myocardium, occupies about 210 milliseconds - then there is a reduction (systole) of a cardiac muscle and emission of blood from the heart camera. This reduction is shown in the form of heartbeat.
What disturbances of a warm rhythm happen?
Cardiac arrhythmias are expression of irritation or damage of the carrying-out system. Often organic heart diseases such as are the reasons: coronary heart disease (CHD), disease of a cardiac muscle (cardiomyopathy) or inflammation of a cardiac muscle (myocarditis). Also the psychogenic reasons are possible. Besides, poisonings (intoxication) and dysfunction of a thyroid gland can be a releaser of cardiac arrhythmias. Depending on the heart rate of arrhythmia subdivide into tachycardia and bradycardia. At bradycardia heartbeat is less than 60 beats per minute, at tachycardia — heartbeat becomes frequent over 90 beats per minute. At disturbances of a warm rhythm, consultation of the specialist is necessary.
